My Silverlight 1.1 Hello World Application
Update 1/27/2009: I posted an updated version of this article targeted for Silverlight Runtime 2.0 here
Imagine being able to author rich Internet applications in your .NET language of choice, without having to mess with Javascript, cross-browser compatibility issues, or ActionScript. That’s the promise of Microsoft Silverlight 1.1. In this article, I will document my attempt at creating a Silverlight 1.1 “Hello World” application. My Hello World application is a little bit more fancy than the typical one… this one involves some animation, and drawing a few shapes from code.
If you are new to Silverlight, Silverlight 1.1 (currently in Alpha) is the version that will include the .NET CLR and allow you to write Silverlight code with .NET languages such as C#.
Most Silverlight 1.1 C# examples I found on the web use the XAML file to declare and set object properties. In my example, I am going to create and draw most objects from the code behind c# class.
Installing Visual Studio 2008
If you don’t have Visual Studio 2008 already installed. You can download it from here. Downloading and installing Visual Studio 2008 to my Virtual PC took about 3 hours (1 for the download and 2 for the install).
Note: It’s possible to
develop Silverlight 1.1 applications with Visual Studio 2005, but the process is not integrated as with Visual Studio 2008
Installing Silverlight Runtimes and Tools
Install the following runtimes and tools from here. I am linking to the main page instead of the individual downloads just in case the download links change.
- Microsoft Silverlight 1.0 Runtime.
- Microsoft Silverlight 1.1 Alpha September Refresh
- Microsoft Silverlight Tools Alpha Refresh for Visual Studio 2008 Beta 2 (July 2007)
Create a New Silverlight Project
- In Visual Studio, choose File/New/Project and select Visual C#/Silverlight/Silverlight Project. The Silverlight project type is added when you install the Microsoft Silverlight Tools above.
- Give your project a name.
Silverlight Project Files
After the project has been created, you are presented with the default Page.xaml file:
Your Solution should now have the following files:
The two files that you will be working with are Page.xaml and TestPage.html. Page.xaml stores the markup for the design elements (for more info on XAML, see this MSDN article). TestPage.html is the regular HTML page that will host the main Silverlight object. Silverlight.js is the Javascript helper file for Silverlight applications.
For our example, we will be adding code to Page.xaml.cs. This is what Page.xaml.cs looks like initially:
Add Some Code
Ready to write some code (complete source code at the end of the article)? First, we are going to add a Storyboard element to our Page.xaml. This Storyboard element serves as a timer for the animation we are going to display.
<Canvas.Resources class="kwrd">> <Storyboard x:Name class="kwrd">="mainTimer" Duration="00:00:00" class="kwrd">/> </Canvas.Resources>
Then, we add some code to the Page.xaml.cs file (click here
for simple “Hello World” version… if you just want a simple Hello World app):
using System; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Ink; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Animation; using System.Windows.Shapes; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace CdoHelloWorld { public partial class Page : Canvas { /// <summary>Represents a cell on the grid</summary> private class Cell { public double X; // x-coordinate of cell public double Y; // y-coordinate public bool On; // True if cell is "on" public double Order; // Display order } private List<Cell> cells = new List<Cell>(); class="rem">// list of all cells private int xSize = 26; class="rem">// width of the grid, in number of cells private int ySize = 7; class="rem">// height of the grid private int numCells; // total number of cells private int cellIdx = 0; public void Page_Loaded( class="kwrd">object o, EventArgs e) { // Required to initialize variables InitializeComponent(); // Assign a random value to each cell Random rnd = new Random(Environment.TickCount); numCells = (int)(xSize * ySize); for (int y = 0; y < ySize; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < xSize; x++) { Cell cell = new Cell(); cell.X = x * (this.Width / xSize); cell.Y = y * (this.Height / ySize); cell.Order = rnd.NextDouble(); cells.Add(cell); } } string template = " " + " x x xxxx x x xx " + " x x x x x x x " + " xxxx xxxx x x x x " + " x x x x x x x " + " x x xxxx xxxx xxxx xx " + " "; for (int i = 0; i < template.Length; i++) { if (template[i] == 'x') { cells[i].On = true; } else { cells[i].On = false; } } // Sort the cells by the random values cells.Sort( delegate(Cell c0, Cell c1) { return c0.Order.CompareTo(c1.Order); } ); mainTimer.Completed += new EventHandler(mainTimer_Completed); mainTimer.Begin(); } void mainTimer_Completed(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Get the next cell Cell cell = cells[cellIdx]; // Draw the cell Rectangle r = new Rectangle(); r.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.DarkGray); if (cell.On) { r.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red); } else { r.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.LightGray); } r.Width = this.Width / xSize; r.Height = this.Height / ySize; r.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, cell.X); r.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, cell.Y); Children.Add(r); cellIdx++; if (cellIdx <= numCells) { // restart the timer mainTimer.Begin(); } } } }
Here’s the simple version of the code:
TextBlock t = new TextBlock(); t.Text = "Hello world!"; Children.Add(t);
Firefox Bug and Workaround
There is a known problem that causes the Silverlight object to not show up in Firefox. To fix the problem, remove the DOCTYPE declaration from the HTML file. See this MSDN forum thread.
Deploying Silverlight Applications to Your Web Server
To deploy my application, I simply copied the files including the ClientBin directory to my web server. Any web server will do (the server that hosts my Hello World application is an apache server).
And Now, Ladies and Gentlements, My Hello World Silverlight App
Click here.